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Ultrasonic sensors emit a sound pulse that reflects off of objects entering the wave field. The reflected sound, or “echo” is then received by the sensor.
The echo is then converted into a distance measurement.Ultrasonic sensing technology is based on the principle that sound has a relatively constant velocity. The time for an ultrasonic sensor’s beam to strike the target and return is directly proportional to the distance to the object. Consequently, ultrasonic sensors are used frequently for distance measurement applications such as level control.
Ultrasonic sensors are capable of detecting most objects — metal or non- metal, clear or opaque, liquid, solid, or granular — that have sufficient acoustic reflectivity. Another advantage of ultrasonic sensors is that they are less affected by condensing moisture than photoelectric sensors.
A downside to ultrasonic sensors is that sound absorbing materials, such as cloth, soft rubber, flour and foam, make poor target objects.

In Liquid A) Side walls of tank, B) Agitator of stirrer in the tank, installation in tall fittings with narrow risers.. C) Extreme foam, vapour, turbulence can absorb and/or deflect away a substantial portion of the return signal. D) Surface temperature.
In Solid A) size of the object. B) Angle of the object. C) surface smoothness D) Surface temperature.

The higher the temperature the faster the speed of sound. For example, 344 m/s @ 20°C and 349 m/s @ 30°C. The error in the speed of sound related to temperature is 0,17% per °C. This temperature change is compensated for with a built in thermistor on the face of all AGEcho Ultrasonic sensors.

The running time of the sonic impulse, which is used to determine the distance i.e. the filling level, is directly dependent on the temperature of the gas above the product to be measured. For this reason, every ultrasonic device has an integrated temperature sensor, which enables compensation of the temperature influence.

1.Distance measurement.
2.Object height measurement.
3.Object work piece positioning.

Ultrasonic proximity sensors have a small unusable area near the face of the sensor. If the ultrasonic beam leaves the sensor, strikes the target, and returns before the sensor has completed its transmission, the sensor is unable to receive the echo accurately. This unusable area is known as the blind zone or Dead band.
The dead band is the area in front of the electroacoustic Ultrasonic sensor of ultrasonic sensors, in which measurement is not possible. Basically, it represents the time (converted into a distance) which is needed to emit the sending impulse and then activate the receiver.

Spacing between sensors is determined by their beam angles. The sensors must be spaced so they do not interfere with each other. This interference is sometimes called “crosstalk.”

Yes. The range is given for particular size (1 meter X 2 meter) which should be kept perpendicular to the sensor. They require the transducer face be within 3° of parallel to smooth, flat target objects.
Smooth flat targets require precise sensor alignment to avoid interference.

Target size and material determine the maximum distance at which the sensor is capable of seeing the object. The harder an object is to detect, the shorter the maximum sensing distance can be.
Materials that absorb sound — foam, cotton, rubber, etc. — are more difficult to detect than acoustically reflective materials, like steel, plastic, or glass. If detected at all, these absorbent materials can limit maximum sensing distance.
Sensing range with maximum sensitivity.

No, the sensors have non-volatile memory.

Select a sensor range that covers the tank height with at least 25% margin. In challenging applications with light foam, vapor and/or turbulence, select a sensor range that is double the tank height. The additional sensor will improve performance in such conditions.

The sensor should be located so that the acoustic signal path is free of obstructions from side-walls, ladders, pipes, mixers and other instruments. The sensor should be mounted level and/or perpendicular to the liquid surface.

The outdoor sensor line is IP67 rated for water and dust intrusion. This material list allows customers to determine if the part will meet their specific requirements. The sensor and related IP67 products have exposed materials. The list of these materials is Aluminum (covering the Ultrasonic sensor), PVC (the housing material), and Silicone Rubber. Our standard products use Silicon O-Rings for general purpose sealing. The O-Rings are for even more robust sealing in many.

a) Lowest cost
b) Timely delivery
c) Full technical support
d) No restriction in quantity
e) Saves foreign exchange, improve the Indian economy.

The filling levels of almost all products can be measured with ultrasonic sensors. As long as liquids or bulk materials reflect the sound wave sufficiently, measurement is possible. However, the temperature, pressure and composition of the gas above the measured product have significant influence on the measurement! Ultrasound sensors are also limited in their area of application due to the implemented (mostly synthetic) constructive materials.

Lime applications are challenging application to ultrasonic sensors and in many cases cannot measure during filling process due to high dust presence.

Static discharge produced by the PVC granulates may affect the ultrasonic signal and interfere with the measurement.

Yes, but High dust density may interfere with the measurement, especially during filling time.

The sensor cannot work above the temperature range 0º -70º C.

The 4-20 mA represents the sensor's measurement span. The 20 mA set point is normally placed near the bottom of the empty tank, or the greatest measurement distance from the sensor. The 4 mA set point is normally placed near the top of the full tank, or the shortest measurement distance from the sensor. The sensor will proportionately generate a 20 mA signal when the tank is empty and a 4 mA signal when the tank is full.

Yes, the sensor can be configured such that the 20 mA set point is empty and the 4 mA set point is full.

The sensor can be installed up to 300 meters from its point of termination using a shielded, 18-20 gauge twisted pair cable and 12 VDC power supply. The total loop resistance should not exceed 900 ohms.

Analog 4-20 mA signals have the following advantages: The same two-wires carry both the sensor power and signal; 4-20 mA is easily converted to a 1-5 VDC input via a 250 Ohm Watt resistor or 1-10 VDC input via a 500 Ohm Watt resistor; 4-20 mA is low current and therefore has a low heating loss through the signal wire; and with shielded cable, 4-20 mA is noise resistant to radiated and inducted interference.

Yes, as long as the total loop resistance is less than 900 Ohms.
Protective Measures
In wet applications, the sensor should not be mounted in such a way that standing water or other fluids can rest on the sensing face. In general, to maintain operating efficiency, care must be taken to prevent solid or liquid deposits from forming on the sensor face. The sensor’s face can also be vulnerable to aggressive acid or alkaline atmospheres.